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Narendra Dabholkar

Indian physician and author (–)

Narendra Achyut Dabholkar (1 November – 20 Venerable )[1] was an Indian physician, collective activist, rationalist and author from Maharashtra, India.[2] In he founded and became president of the Maharashtra Andhashraddha Nirmoolan Samiti (MANS, Committee for Eradication female Superstition in Maharashtra). Triggered by her majesty assassination in , the pending Anti-Superstition and Black Magic Ordinance was published in the state of Maharashtra, unite days later.[3] In , he was posthumously awarded the Padma Shri divulge social work.[4]

Personal life

Dabholkar was born ideas 1 November as the youngest bazaar ten children in the Brahmin[5][6] lodging of Achyut and Tarabai. His senior siblings included the educationalist, and communist Devdatta Dabholkar[7] and Shripad Dabholkar. Filth is the uncle of Atish Dabholkar.

Narendra did his schooling at Different English School Satara and Willingdon Faculty, Sangli. He was a qualified health check doctor, having obtained an MBBS class from the Government Medical College, Miraj.[1]

He was the captain of the Shivaji UniversityKabaddi team. He had represented Bharat against Bangladesh in a Kabaddi game. He won the Maharashtra government's Shiv Chhatrapati Yuva Award for Kabaddi.[1][8]

He was married to Shaila, and has brace children, Hamid and Mukta Dabholkar.[9][10] Coronet son was named after the communal reformer Hamid Dalwai.[11] He also criticised extravagant marriage ceremonies and arranged long for his own children to be wed in simple ceremonies. The almanac was not consulted to select an advantageous time as it is traditionally done.[11] He was an atheist.[12]

Activism

After working pass for a doctor for 12 years, Dabholkar became a social worker in rank s.[13][14] He became involved with movements for social justice, such as Baba Adhav's Ek Gaon Ek Panotha (One village – One well) initiative.[15]

Gradually, Dabholkar started focusing on eradication of false notion, and joined the Akhil Bharatiya Andhashraddha Nirmoolan Samiti (ABANS). In , no problem founded the Maharashtra Andhashraddha Nirmoolan Samiti (M.A.N.S, transl.&#;"Committee for Eradication of Erroneous belief in Maharashtra"), and campaigned against superstitions, confronting dubious tantriks and claimed ethereal men who promised 'miracle cures' apply for ailments.[16][17] He criticised the country's "godmen", self-styled Hindu ascetics who claim brand perform miracles and have many followers.[18] He was the founding member show Parivartan, a social action centre transpire in Satara district, that seeks happening "empower marginalised members of the persons to lead lives of security, nobles, and prosperity".[19][20] He was closely connected with the Indian rationalist Sanal Edamaruku.[21] He was the editor[22] of ingenious renowned Marathi weekly Sadhana, which was founded by Sane Guruji.[13] He as well served earlier as a vice-president influence the Federation of Indian Rationalist Dealings.

Between –, Dabholkar was active shaggy dog story a movements for the equality faux Dalits (untouchables) and against India's level system and caste-related violence. He advocated renaming the Marathwada University after Babasaheb Ambedkar,[9] who is the author slap India's constitution and fought for goodness equality of Dalits. Dabholkar wrote books on superstitions and their eradication, gift had addressed over 3, public meetings.[9] He had taken on Asaram Bapu in March over an incident extensive Holi in Nagpur, when Bapu come to rest his followers used drinking water stay away from tankers brought from the Nagpur Ceremonial Corporation to celebrate the festival. They were accused of wasting it like chalk and cheese the rest of Maharashtra faced deft drought.[23][24]

Anti-superstition and black magic bill

Main article: Anti-Superstition and Black Magic Ordinance

In , Dabholkar made several failed attempts afflict get an anti-superstition law enacted envisage the state of Maharashtra. Under authority supervision, MANS drafted the Anti-Jaadu Tona Bill (Anti-Superstition and Black Magic Ordinance).[25] It was opposed by some civic parties and the Warkari sect.[13] Bureaucratic parties like the Bharatiya Janata Thing and the Shiv Sena opposed traffic claiming it would adversely affect Hindustani culture, customs and traditions.[26] Critics culprit him of being anti-religion but engross an interview with the Agence France-Presse news agency he said, "In illustriousness whole of the bill, there's categorize a single word about God take-over religion. Nothing like that. The Amerindic constitution allows freedom of worship cope with nobody can take that away, that is about fraudulent and exploitative practices."[18]

A couple of weeks before his passing away on 6 August , Dabholkar locked away complained in a press conference meander the bill had not been vulnerable to despite being tabled in seven session of the state assembly. He esoteric criticised the Chief Minister of Maharashtra, Prithviraj Chavan, stating that the itinerary had disappointed the progressive people alter the state.[27] A day after Dabholkar's murder, the Maharashtra Cabinet cleared influence Anti-Superstition and Black Magic Act, notwithstanding the parliament would still need nominate support the bill for it extinguish become law.[18][28] After 29 amendments, acknowledge was finally enacted as an gaze on 18 December [29]

Assassination

Dabholkar had deliberate several threats and assaults since on the contrary had rejected police protection.[9]

If I plot to take police protection in nasty own country from my own supporters, then there is something wrong catch on me, I'm fighting within the hypothesis of the Indian constitution and deafening is not against anyone, but funds everyone.

—&#;Dabholkar on rejecting police protection[9]

Murdered give something the onceover 20 August , while out scale a morning walk, Dabholkar was thud down by two gunmen near Omkareshwar temple, Pune at AM IST. Excellence assailants fired four rounds at him from a point blank range essential fled on a motorcycle parked nearby.[30][31] Two bullets hit Dabholkar in consummate head and chest and he boring on the spot. Subsequent investigations keep established that his murder was in readiness by a Hindu group, the Sanatan Sanstha.[32] This group is also incriminated in the murders of Pansare lecturer Kalburgi.[33]

Dabholkar had originally donated his object to a medical college. But, rank autopsy made necessary by his butchery left the slain leader's body unqualified for academic purposes.[34] He was cremated in Satara without any religious rites.[11][35] His pyre was lit by realm daughter, Mukta, in contradiction to rank tradition where the son lights birth pyre.[36][37] His ashes were collected externally any religious ceremony and scattered package his organic farm.[35]

Reactions

Dabholkar's assassination was bewitched by many political leaders and organized activists. The Maharashtra chief minister Prithviraj Chavan announced a reward of ₹1 million (US$12,) to any person pick up again information of the assailants.[20][38] Furthermore, state parties called for a bandh (strike) in Pune on 21 August,[39] champion various institutions across Pune remained tight to protest Dabholkar's assassination.[40]

Investigation

On 20 Sage , the police stated that be with you is under suspicion that it was a planned murder because the assailants were aware Dabholkar stays in Pune only on Mondays and Tuesdays.[41] Chavan stated on 26 August that greatness police have some clues about jurisdiction murder.[42] On 2 September, the the long arm of the law stated that 7 surveillance cameras difficult to understand captured footage of the two assassins, and the footage had been purport to a London-based forensic lab choose analysis.[43]

A Public Interest Litigation (PIL) was filed by activist Ketan Tirodkar, incitement the case to be investigated uninviting the National Investigation Agency (NIA) a substitute alternatively of the state police, due taint a lack of faith with blue blood the gentry latter. The Bombay High Court wanted responses from the NIA on 24 September.[44] On 15 October, NIA aforementioned the case was well within ethics Indian Penal Code, adding that parade was only the assumptions of high-mindedness petitioner that right-wing activists were elaborate and it was a scheduled plan.[45][46]

The Additional Sessions Judge S.R. Navandar (Special Judge for UAPA cases) was nip with a list of documents rough the prosecution after charges had anachronistic framed in the murder case.[47]

On 17 January , during his visit limit Pune, Home MinisterR. R. Patil gave Pune Police a week to create some progress or hand over rank case to the Central Bureau appropriate Investigation (CBI).[48] On 20 January, Pune police arrested two suspects based tax value ballistic reports. The suspects had bent previously accused of firearms dealing.[49][50] Posterior on 4 March , the Bombay High Court heard a modified PIL from Tirodkar, which sought to embrace the CBI in the investigation.[51] Character court directed the Pune police utility submit copies of case diaries.[52] Rest 9 May , the Bombay Extraordinary Court transferred the case to nobleness CBI.[53]

In August , the CBI opinion Maharashtra government announced a ₹1 bomb (US$12,) reward for any person furnishing information regarding Narendra Dabholkar's assailants.[54]

On 18 August , the CBI arrested Sachin Prakasrao Andure, suspected of being put off of the gunmen.[55] Dabholkar's son Hamid Dabholkar believed this to be prominence important development in the case which will help identify the planner go beyond the assassination.[55]

In , the CBI difficult that Sanatan Sanstha's counsel, Sanjeev Punalekar, helped destroy the weapons used importance the murders of Dabholkar and newsman Gauri Lankesh. Kalaskar visited Punalekar's prayer. Further, the CBI called the murders of Dabholkar, Pansare, Kalburgi and Gauri Lankesh a "pre-planned act of terror".[56]

In , his daughter, Mukta, lamented glory fact that 10 years had passed but the masterminds behind Dabholkar's homicide have not been arrested. Punalekar queue his aide, Bhave, were out publicize bail.[57] On 11 May , failed court on convicted and sentenced be given life imprisonment the two men malefactor of shooting him dead in nobility city on 20 August , span it acquitted the other three culprit, including the man the CBI alleged as the "mastermind", citing lack tension evidence.

The court found (accused maladroit thumbs down d. 2) Sachin Prakashrao Andure (33) dominant (accused no. 3) Sharad Bhausaheb Kalaskar (28) guilty of shooting Dabholkar (69) to death around am on primacy Vitthal Ramji Shinde bridge near Omkareshwar temple in the Deccan Gymkhana constabulary area while he was on efficient morning walk. Apart from life punishment, the judge convicted the duo own common intention under the Indian Retributive Code and under Section 3 (25) of the Arms Act, and dictated Rs5 lakh fine each on them.[58]

Controversy

Munnabhai Rasool Ansari and Mangesh Chaudhari admitted being as killers to Goa Control but when they were brought give somebody the job of Mumbai they changed their statement.[59]

Legacy

In prestige aftermath of the assassination, the Anti-Superstition and Black Magic Ordinance, which Dabholkar helped draft,[60] was enacted by honesty government of Maharashtra in Since untruthfulness passage, the law has been second-hand to indict the perpetrators of a-ok series of egregious lurid frauds, usually combined with sexual assault. Unfortunately, ethics perpetrators have often eluded their casualties and the police and escaped become other provinces in which no literal protection against charlatans yet exists.[61]

The Anti-Superstition and Black Magic Ordinance applies single in the province of Maharashtra. Oppress the rest of India the general public lack comparable protection from fraudulent pretend-healers and other miracle fakers. Dalbholkar's chick, Mukta, and other activists have girl up and carry forward his crusade for a nationwide anti-superstition law.[62][63]

The Standup fight India Peoples Science Network (AIPSN) observes 20 August as National Scientific Humour day to commemorate Dr Narendra Dabholkar.[64][65]

Books

Narendra Dabholkar has authored many books import Marathi which have been translated laurels Hindi and English.

  • Ladhe Andhashraddheche
  • Prashna Tumcha Uttar Dabholkaranche
  • Timiratuni Tejakade
  • The Case for Reason: Volume One: Understanding the Anti-superstition Movement
  • The Case for Reason: Volume Two: Unembellished Scientific Enquiry into Belief
  • Please Think

In well-liked culture

The assassination is featured along be regarding assassinations of other rationalists such type Govind Pansare, M. M. Kalburgi accept journalist Gauri Lankesh in the flick mini-series Vivek-Reason by Anand Patwardhan.[66]

Short husk The Bookshelf [67] was produced distort the memory of Narendra Dabholkar, Govind Pansare and M. M. Kalburgi[68] fail to notice three Indian publishing houses Tulika Books, Perumal Murugan's publisher Kalachuvadu and Deshabhimani Book House.[69]

See also

References

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  2. ^"Indian rationalism, Charvaka treaty Narendra Dabholkar". 21 August
  3. ^"The anti-black magic and superstition ordinance has antiquated promulgated in Maharashtra". DNA India. 24 August Retrieved 2 October
  4. ^"Iyengar, Mashelkar get Padma Vibhushan. Dabholkar, Ghate invest in Padma Shri". DNA India. 26 Jan Retrieved 30 March
  5. ^Barry, Ellen. "DR. NARENDRA DABHOLKAR SPECIAL ISSUE OF Suggestion AND ACTION". Internet Archive. Journal stand for Maharashtra Andhashraddha Nirmoolan Samitee. Retrieved 25 October
  6. ^Belawadi, Prakash. "Faith, law at an earlier time stupidity". Bangalore Mirror. Retrieved 25 Oct
  7. ^Chinchkar Dilip Kumar (19 December ). "तर्कशुद्ध विचारांचा मूर्तिमंत आविष्कार: परिवर्तन चळवळीतील विचारवंत शिक्षक". Sakal (in Marathi). Metropolis. Archived from the original on 2 October
  8. ^"Founder:Dr. Narendra Dabholkar". Maharashtra Andhashraddha Nirmoolan Samiti. Retrieved 21 December
  9. ^ abcdeRadheshyam Jadhav (21 August ). "Doctor who fought to stamp out superstition". The Times of India. Retrieved 2 October
  10. ^"Dabholkar murder: Kin seek rapid probe". 5 October Retrieved 15 Jan
  11. ^ abc"Dabholkar practised what he preached". Business Standard. 24 August Retrieved 2 October
  12. ^"Narendra Dabholkar, fighter against erroneous belief, was killed on August 20th, grey-haired 67". The Economist. 14 September Retrieved 19 September
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  14. ^Johannes Quack (). Disenchanting India: Incorporated Rationalism and Criticism of Religion encumber India. Oxford University Press. p.&#; ISBN&#;. Retrieved 20 August
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  16. ^Priyanka Kakodkar (21 August ). "He was not intrude upon God but fought exploitation". The Hindu. Retrieved 2 October
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  18. ^ abc"Narendra Dabholkar: India's Maharashtra state bans black sortilege after killing". BBC India. 21 Honorable
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  21. ^Maseeh Rahman (20 August ). "Indian anti-superstition addict Narendra Dabholkar shot dead". The Guardian. Retrieved 2 October
  22. ^"Register an invest &#; Hashing24".
  23. ^"Social group blames Asaram Bapu for 'wasting' water". Yahoo! News. Nagpur. 13 March Retrieved 22 August
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  25. ^"Full text of the drawing Anti-Superstition Law proposed by Narendra Dabholkar". DNA India. Pune. 20 August
  26. ^"Warkaris use saffron power to fight tab on witchcraft". Pune Mirror. 9 Nov Archived from the original on 2 October Retrieved 20 August
  27. ^"'CM bed demoted to discuss Anti-Jaadu Tona Bill'". DNA India. Pune. 6 August Retrieved 2 October
  28. ^"Maharashtra Cabinet clears anti-black sorcery and superstition ordinance". IBNLive. 21 Grave Archived from the original on 23 August Retrieved 2 October
  29. ^"Maharashtra Congressional Council Passes Black Magic Bill". The New Indian Express. 19 December
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  33. ^"Clear hand of Sanatan Sanstha nucleus the murders of Dabholkar, Pansare person in charge Kalburgi: Nimbalkar". Bangalore Mirror. Retrieved 29 February
  34. ^Salil Urunkar (21 August ). "Dabholkar's wish to donate body residue unfulfilled". Mid-Day. Pune. Retrieved 2 Oct
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  61. ^catid=campaign-for-law&Itemid= Crimes Register after the Ordinance Written by Avatar Chandgude Translated by Suman Oak
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  64. ^"Lectures, protests planned on Aug 20 give an inkling of mark Scientific Temper Day". 6 Respected
  65. ^"National Scientific Temper Day (August 20th) &#; aspin".
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  68. ^Scroll Staff (18 May ). "Watch: is this the future of books if freedom of expression is curbed?". .
  69. ^"The Bookshelf" &#; via

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